تقوية البلاديوم الرواية (إي) الفتك معقدة مع سم النحل على الخلايا التائية الخلايا اللمفاوية الحاد خط الخلايا اللمفاوية (مولت-4)Potentiation of a novel palladium (II) complex lethality with bee venom on the human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (MOLT-4)

تقوية البلاديوم الرواية (إي) الفتك معقدة مع سم النحل على الخلايا التائية الخلايا اللمفاوية الحاد خط الخلايا اللمفاوية (مولت-4)

Potentiation of a novel palladium (II) complex
lethality with bee venom on the human T-cell
acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (MOLT-4)
Zahra Safaeinejad, Mohammad Nabiuni* and Zahra Nazari

Potentiation of a novel palladium (II) complex

Abstract
Background: Although honeybee venom (BV) has been reported to induce apoptosis in different types of
cancerous cells, its synergistic effects with customary anti-cancer drugs remain largely unknown. In the present
study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of BV alone (as a natural product) and the synergistic cytological effects of
this component in combination with [Pd (bpy) (Pi-Pydtc)]NO3 – a novel palladium complex on human T-cell
lymphoblastic leukemia cells. To investigate the cytotoxic effect of the BV alone and in combination with palladium
complex on MOLT-4 cells MTT assay was performed. In order to determine the apoptotic effects of BV separately
and in combination with Pd (II) complex on these cells and its ability to induce apoptosis, morphological
examination, flowcytometric analysis and caspase-3 colorimetric assay were done.
Results: We found that BV induced morphological changes, namely nuclear shrinkage, and inhibited MOLT-4 cell
proliferation; both effects were dose- and time-dependent. Flow cytometry by Annexin-V antibody demonstrated
that BV induced apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells. Furthermore, BV induced apoptosis independently of caspase-3 in these
cells. In addition, we proved a clear synergistic effect of BV on [Pd (bpy) (Pi-Pydtc)]NO3. The apoptotic pathway
activated by BV in combination with Pd complex was caspase-3-dependent.
Conclusions: These observations provide an explanation for the anti-proliferative properties of BV, and suggest that
this agent may be useful for treating lymphoblastic leukemia alone or in combination with chemotherapy drugs
pending further investigations on animal models as preclinical tests.

Keywords: Apoptosis, Bee venoms, Cytotoxicity, MOLT-4 cell line, Pd (II) complex